See the Univ. of Nottingham (UK) Chemistry Dept's short, entertaining videos on every element in the Periodic Table

Click on this link to see one of the movies. Start with Sulfur! http://www.periodicvideos.com/nyt/index.htm

20 MILLION BARRELS of OIL per DAY!

Are we addicted to oil?

The United States uses almost 20 million barrels of oil EVERY DAY, 365 days a year, more than twice as much as the next largest consumer, China, and more than four times as much as the third largest consumer, Japan.


Here's a list of the other top 9 countries in terms of their oil usage.




In this chapter of our Chemistry book, learn how to make GASOLINE, DIESEL fuel, JET fuel, NATURAL gas, HEATING oil, TAR and ASPHALT, and how to use FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION and CATALYTIC CRACKING to separate petroleum into all of these important chemicals:

READ this chapter from our Chemistry book: http://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=0ARNbGsVH1evCZGQ5MjluM2dfMTg1NmdzejRmZzk&hl=en

Synthesis, Decomposition, Single & Double Displacement and Combustion reactions

These are the five main types of chemical reactions :

Note, in combustion reactions, if not enough Oxygen is present, deadly Carbon monoxide will be produced instead of Carbon dioxide.

READ these sections to learn more about these reaction types in the Chemistry text: http://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=0ARNbGsVH1evCZGQ5MjluM2dfOTNjOWQ3YjJmNw&hl=en

SEE the following power point demonstration for more information on these types of reactions.
It is **not** necessary for you to read the sections on Ionic compounds in the ppt presentation.
http://docs.google.com/present/edit?id=0ARNbGsVH1evCZGQ5MjluM2dfMTE1NXFtNjI1bWQ&hl=en

Chemical Kinetics and Chemical Equilibrium

We've learned about balancing Chemical reactions, but we haven't talked about HOW FAST they are, or, when all is said and done, HOW MUCH of the reactants are left, and HOW MUCH product is produced.

(click on picture to go to the Wikipedia article)

• HOW FAST they run is part of the study of Reaction rate, or CHEMICAL KINETICS.
• HOW MUCH product is produced, and how much of the reactants is left, is part of the study of
• Chemical EQUILIBRIUM.

Start by considering the difference in reaction rates between Iron rusting and Wood burning...

READ the following section of our CHEMISTRY textbook to learn more about
(1) Chemical equilibrium and
(2) Chemical Kinetics
DEFINE each of these phrases in your own words.
GIVE an EXAMPLE of why each of these phrases is important if you are a chemist.
http://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=0ARNbGsVH1evCZGQ5MjluM2dfMTc3Z2Q2anA2bXE&hl=en

Balancing chemical equations

Here are the steps to balancing a chemical equation.
Here's a brief summary:
(1) Law of Conservation of Mass: For each element, the number of atoms on the left and the right of the equation are the same (e.g., 3H2 on the left and 2H on the right is NOT Ok).
(2) To balance the equation, you can ONLY change the coefficients, NOT the subscripts (e.g., changing CO2 to 3CO2 is OK. Changing CO2 to CO4 is not.)
(3) To calculate the number of atoms for each atom, you MULTIPLY the coefficient times the subscripts (e.g., 3 CO2 = 3 Carbons and 6 Oxygens)
(4) You MUST have only integer coefficients when you are finished (e.g., 6.5 O2 is not ok, 13 O2 is ok)
(5) You MUST have the lowest possible integer coefficients when you are finished 

For the textbook description, READ our textbook:
http://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=0ARNbGsVH1evCZGQ5MjluM2dfMTQ5Y3NyZ2tjZGc&hl=en

For a movie showing each of these steps, see the following website:
http://www.wonderhowto.com/how-to-balance-chemical-equations-312931/

STEP 1:

STEP 2:

STEP 3: Balance the Hydrogens

STEP 4: Balance the Oxygens

FINAL STEP: Make sure all coefficients are integers!

For those of you who want to CHECK your answers, please see the following web site: www.webqc.org/balance.php
NOTE: There are many example equations that you can PASTE into this website and test how to balance them. For example:

• Fe + Cl2 = FeCl3
• KMnO4 + HCl = KCl + MnCl2 + H2O + Cl2
• K4Fe(CN)6 + H2SO4 + H2O = K2SO4 + FeSO4 + (NH4)2SO4 + CO
• C6H5COOH + O2 = CO2 + H2O
• K4Fe(CN)6 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 = KHSO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + HNO3 + CO2 + H2O

ENDOTHERMIC vs EXOTHERMIC chemical reactions

In endothermic reactions, the products have more energy than the reactants. Heat is absorbed from the surroundings (e.g., a cold pack).
In exothermic reactions, the products have less energy than the reactants. Heat is released to the surroundings (e.g., a heat pack).
Both reactions require some activation energy to begin the reaction.

Read the following section of Chemistry for Dummies, and write a summary of it: http://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=0ARNbGsVH1evCZGQ5MjluM2dfNzRxam13cXJuZw&hl=en , and make a diagram of an exothermic and an endothermic reaction.

Here is an example of the potential energy diagram for the following, exothermic chemical reaction:

CO + NO2 --> CO2 + NO

stoichiometry -- balancing chemical equations using moles from the Chem Collective from Carnegie Mellon University

The following video gives the "big picture" of the mole and its applications.
The big picture of the mole from the Chem Collective from Carnegie Mellon University

Information on how to use the mole in balancing chemical equations is found here:
Stoichiometry: using the mole to balance chemical equations from The Chem Collective from Carnegie Mellon University

Blood tests are so complicated?

When you go to get a blood test, for what is the doctor looking? That depends on your age, gender, and symptoms. See the following website for all the details: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_ranges_for_common_blood_tests

Your job: to make a drawing of this graph and find at least 3 differences between men and women. Note! If you're using Google Chrome, you may need the latest plugin (it's safe to install).
You can also go to this site to get a printable version, but you **must** turn in your **own** diagram of this test. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Blood_values_for_print.png

The pH of life

Note how narrow is the pH range of life for humans!
See this link on the effect of acid rain on the pH of lakes, and how this affects the fish's ability to survive:
http://www.lenntech.com/aquatic/acids-alkalis.htm

pH and acid rain around the US

Check out the USGS (United States Geological Survey) site regarding the effects of pH and acid rain on fish reproduction.  See: http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/phdiagram.html

Spectrogram of a Sodium-vapor city lamp

This is what a spectroscope sees when it looks at most city street lamps.Please be sure to click on the following link to review your Chemical Elements for next week's test!
http://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=0ARNbGsVH1evCZGQ5MjluM2dfNjNmdGpxY2RjYw&hl=en

Detailed descriptions of how amino acids bind to each other to make proteins

http://www.johnkyrk.com/aminoacid.html

.........details of the types of structures these proteins make (alpha helices and beta sheets)